Barcode in Logistics: Meaning and Uses

A barcode is a machine-readable pattern of bars or squares that encodes a unique identification number for an item, package or logistics unit. A scanner reads the code and sends the number to a computer system, so goods can be identified and tracked automatically as they move through the supply chain, without manual data entry.

Types of barcode

Barcodes fall into two families: 1D (linear) codes that store a number in a row of bars, and 2D codes that hold more data in a square pattern.

How barcode scanning works

The scanner shines light at the code and reads the reflection: dark bars absorb light, light gaps reflect it. That pattern is decoded into the identification number and matched against a database record holding the product, batch, destination or order details.

Barcodes in logistics and tracking

In logistics, barcodes let teams track goods on arrival, through the warehouse, at dispatch and on return. They support inventory checks, shipment accuracy and accurate records of every movement. Whole logistics units such as pallets are often labelled with an SSCC barcode, and scanning at each step feeds warehouse management and delivery systems.